A Day of Infamy
68Pearl Harbor
Dateline: December 7, 2010.
I cannot celebrate war. But on this historic day sixty nine years ago, my life and the lives of everyone I knew was changed by one horrid war. Our part was a minute fraction of lives changed by it. Its anniversary never passes without my own vivid memory of exactly how it was in my young life.
We heard about it on the old Philco radio that Sunday evening. I confess it didn’t really sink in. too deeply. I was nine and my life had never been affected by war before. I’d read about wars but in sterile books, it wasn’t vivid and certainly not personal.
Monday, at school - I was in music class. We were singing - “Ruben, Ruben, - Rachel, Rachel.” The girls sang “Ruben, Ruben, I’ve been thinking, what a great world it would be - if the boys were all transported far beyond the northern sea.” Then the boys returned the verse, except they addressed it to “Rachel, Rachel”.
All of a sudden, in the middle of the singing, the rather primitive intercom system came on and interrupted. I can visualize and hear that speaker box mounted high on the front wall of the classroom above the teacher’s desk. It was not a high-fi sound system. In a scratchy voice, the school Principal came on and said the United States had declared War on Japan. He said the President was about to make an announcement on the radio. Then he played President Franklin Roosevelt’s LIVE radio announcement of it, the one in which he called December 7, 1941, “A Day of Infamy.”
Before long kinsmen were being drafted or volunteering to go into the military branches. In music classes we learned the songs for each branch of the service, and sang “Any Bonds Today - bonds of freedom, that’s what we’re selling, any bonds today” and "Over There". Of course, our entering into the War was not just against the Japanese but all the “Axis” powers, including Germany and Italy. We sang “The White Cliffs of Dover” in empathy with the British who were, with France, Canada and the US, the “Allies” in this dreadful conflagration.
And immediately. movies, music, - everything reflected the country’s involvement in “The War”. My brothers-in-law were called to duty and as soon as my brother got out of school, he went on in. I didn’t know my George then, but he volunteered for the Navy the same year as my brother, 1943. My Dad was 51, a WWI veteran. a producer of key wartime goods, and was exempt.
In more industrial areas, women who could went into the factories to fill in the jobs men had left to go into the services. They made the airplanes and the other machinery it took to arm the men and perform the work of war, whatever it was. The women who stayed home worked harder than ever to make do with rationed supplies and "keep the home fires burning". It was what they wanted to do, to do their parts, and what they were expected to do. Everyone did his or her bit without whining or blaming, except of course "the enemies". That is one of the many horrors of war. Civilians in those "enemy" countries and troops in their camps were also pumped up to hate and blame the other side. Most of the individuals only knew that there were enemies because there was the war. If they'd met over the back fences, they would have talked about each of their own children, their hopes and dreams and invited each other for tea or coffee. But that was not to be - when war had dominance. Its" reasons" were mostly intangible. Its effects were more than vividly and viscerally tangible.
So rationing began. All the goods needed to outfit, feed and arm the troops were rationed to civilians, among them: meat, sugar, coffee, butter, leather, wool, rubber tires, gasoline, metal goods (tin for cans, steel for tanks and guns), all rationed. Few everyday items were untouched. Each household had books of their allotted number of “Ration Stamps”. Suddenly everyday life changed dramatically. Many products we took for granted were limited and substitutions for those rationed materials were found to manufacture clothing, shoes, tires, foods. In looking through some old mementos my parents kept, I recently ran across a ration stamp book.
The war helped the parts of the economy in which, as I mentioned, my Dad was a producer. He was a sheep and goat raiser. Wool and mohair were his products. They were essentially needed for military uniforms and blankets. Remember, this was all before the development of man-made fabrics, though the war did inspire their development. Civilians needed other alternatives, since the natural fibers were being saved for the troops. Nylon did make its entry for parachutes, and it touched off the "plastics" industry.
"Victory gardens" sprang up so folks could raise more of our own foods. One had to be impressed with the willingness, resourcefulness and fervor with which the population rallied to the "war effort". Horrid as war is, it is good that people do their part if and when it erupts, as it seems inclined to, people being as they are. Hopefully better ways will develop.
The same kind of spirit of cooperation and even self-sacrifice of the "extras", of having everything our own way, would go far in helping the spirit of our country - indeed, our world - to look deeper and wider for solutions to conflicts, as well as to various disasters, both natural and - as now - economic. Everyone cannot have everything exactly perfect. But all, really trying to improve things, can do wonders.
So after that day of infamy so long ago, nothing was ever to be the same again all the way to December 7, 2010!
But back then, for the next several years, war was how it was, affecting everyone, though each in our own way. Our homes were opened to wives and families of servicemen-in-training in our towns when nearby military bases opened or became activated. In our sleepy little towns with insufficient housing for the influx of families who followed their husbands wanting to be with them as long as possible, we simply took them in. Wives who were nurses and teachers joined our workforce to boost our town's efficiency and economy. But our homes which were already just big enough for our families were suddenly bursting at the seams with the extra indefinite "guests". My parents and I slept on our screened sleeping porch all winter so that the two wives and their children we took in could have our bedrooms and another, the guest room. I'll admit that, as a little girl whose home was suddenly not my "home" as I'd known it, I rather resented the imposition! Space to play and activities were all severely limited. And of course, for my parents it was surely more so, though I never recall one complaint. We all knew it was necessary.
The pace of life was quickened unmistakably all during those war years. And the pace of death, - more so, as families received news of their loved ones who died in battle or of wartime theaters' diseases and injuries.
Afterward, everything was different, as I wrote about in my Magnolia hub series.
Ever since then, the Earth has been plagued with CONSTANT war. Korea, Vietnam, The Cold War, Central America, Desert Storm, Africa, iraq, Afghanistan, The War on Terror and many another war in which my country was not directly involved. War's effects constantly trickle down into every household and every human action. Everyone is affected either directly or indirectly; everyone suffers the effects of wars. And they are waged for intangible "reasons", fueled with greed and intolerance.
War is such a tragedy. Those who risk their lives and serve deserve all the honor we can bestow and it is right to pause to remember them. But WAR itself and those who stir it up and fan its flames deserve no honor. It is a crime with multiple criminals and multiple upon multiple innocent victims involved. Whichever “side” one’s people are “on”, it is a travesty against all humanity. The youngest and most potential lives are snuffed out and families bereaved from then on.
I knew a young Vietnam vet in 1973 who'd returned to his prominent Louisville family and wife, all of whom rejected him because of his ordeal and what it had done to him. At times he'd seem to want to talk about it all, but really just couldn't voice it. It was like a thick aura around him, clinging to him, enclosing him, shutting him off.
I wrote this poem sabout it:
They took away your childhood
And put you back a man,
Estranged from Man.
They gave you nothing in return
To mend the tears within your heart.
And when you tried
To kill the pain,
They punished you.
You feel despair.
To live, you must jump gaps
Beyond the common stride
To find a peaceful place
The other side,
To heal, to grow, to be.
And find recovery.
Had they shattered your body
And left it lay, untended
As they did your soul,
It would have been an outrage.
______© Nellieanna H. Hay
written 8-25-73
There are other alternatives to resolving differences but until human beings are willing to try to resolve them with fellow human beings and to tolerate differences in civilized ways, this planet will be in turmoil. It is vastly more practical to find ways to reason together. My beloved George, who knew the horrors of WWII and did his duty valiantly, always said of conflict, "Come let us reason together".
War destroys. Why do we CHOOSE to destroy our lives, our civilization, our WORLD?? It makes no sense at all. Past are times when being a "dove" was pie-in-the-sky idealism. War has become a hideous luxury we can no longer afford.
No other species upon Earth mass-kills its own species, let alone takes out the most virile of its members, as humans do. We think we have the “higher intelligence”. Do dolphins war? Do even whole colonies of even “natural enemies” in nature war? NO. So why don’t homo sapiens use our superior minds and hearts to resolve our disagreements and live in peace and harmony amongst ourselves at least as successfully and well as the intelligent dolphins do?
In time and in space
Lives overlap,
No matter whose,
No matter where.
We touch in each similar
Familiar place,
Adhering in each exact same place,
Ad repelling where opposed.
Yet in each place we touch each other,
In all the Universe
There is no other
To compare.
______© Nellieanna H. Hay
written Dec. 7, 2010
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It leaves a growl in my stomach the way war's become as simple as signing a contract and the impersonal seperation of frontline and policy...WW2 put the US in a world-guardian position that is too depended on and condemened at the same time,exuse me for now Nellieanna,I need to go take some Pepto Bismal,lol;)
I need a double dose of Pepto Bismal to get over the distorted stories about many wars and what caused them; the December 7 is just the biginning and 9/11 will not be the end of the many lies we are being told.
"But WAR itself and those who stir it up and fan its flames deserve no honor. It is a crime with multiple criminals and multiple upon multiple innocent victims involved." Nellieanna, these words of your should be inscribed on every heart. There is no honour in war, as you say. Those who stir it up usually sit at home in comfort and rake in the profits while the "youngest and most potential lives are snuffed out and families bereaved". So true and so sad, so very sad.
Thanks for sharing these profound thoughts. As I wrote in my Hub about my life's journey, Hitler has somehow overshadowed my life from birth until today. I was born during his dreadful war and his made racial ideology inspired so many in this country, though they would later deny it, and they set up their own version of it which caused unbelievable suffering.
You are wonderful, lady! Thank you.
Love and peace
Tony
I agree wholeheartedly with you, and don’t even want to add a word to this perfect hub you’ve written. So sad that too many people, and in particular leaders, still have the intelligence of a primitive human being, which can, today, be compared with the intelligence of an average toddler between three and seven. Mankind – its knowledge, views, perceptions and interpretations - grew since the beginning, but some men (and women) are still centuries behind the rest. Great hub, Nellieanna, voted UP and UP and UP.
Nellieanna, I'm not sure what the answer is when dealing with people like Adolf Hitler. There is no reasoning. Sometimes, war is inevitable just from a defensive standpoint and such was the case when it began for Britain, Canada, and the allies in 1939. Yes, it is horrific. Unfortunately, the public is kept in the dark and are asked to trust the leaders of this world which, in my humble opinion, is a huge mistake. Perhaps we could avoid conflict if the ordinary people were more aware of what is truly going on. I had hopes for the computer age removing some of the powers of leadership by disseminating truth but then censorship appears, as we are experiencing right now with the Wiki issue. Maybe if that kind of information had been floating around in the 1930s, a person like Hitler would never have had the opportunity to rise to power. Just a thought from someone who likes the idea of freedom and truth. Superb and UPPED :)
The really scary thing about Hitler, and the second world war is that he got in through election. Germany was a democratic country in 1933. If enough people can be fooled, in any of our countries, the maniacs can be in power tomorrow.
Thanks for an interesting, and very well written article Nellieanna.
War. Such a brutal force full of hurt feelings and feet that stamp about the room in a vengeful state as would a three year old. The loss of young lives and old alike at the hands of powerful cowards has long escaped my understanding. That being said; I will remember and honor with majestic respect those innocents who gave their lives at the concept of protecting ours. December 7Th has and will live in Infamy, as many souls reel in the quake of a lie and dispersal of human life. I will continue to salute the stars and stripes in honor of these beautiful souls of past and the living souls of our fighting men and women of today.
I am as always honored to read your valuable work~ UP and awesome...
K9
I hate war and we never seem to learn from the past just how devastating it is. War makes the world go around. Very informative and well written. Thank you.
Nellianna- Thank you for your eloquent reminder of a past we must never forget. My Father, Uncles and several close family friends were in WWII. The tragedies they endured continued to affect their lives long after the war ended. I couldn't understand it all as a child, but as I look back now, one question continues to resonate in my head- "How do you train someone to kill another individual in cold blood and then expect them to be able to turn those emotions off when the war ends?" I have great respect for our soldiers, but have to question "the system." Thanks again for your wonderful insight!
I think we enjoy killing.Just look at hunting for sport. Buried deep within our psyche the primal instinct lays dormant waiting for those moments when the lust for blood arise.Society merely regulate it for practical and survival reasons..
"There are other alternatives to resolving differences but until human beings are willing to try to resolve them with fellow human beings and to tolerate differences in civilized ways, this planet will be in turmoil." - Thanks for your thoughtful hub Nellianna, I hope the messages you have provided reach the eyes of those who need to embrace the change our Earth and civilization desperately needs.
Nellianna, this is an absolutely brilliant hub. You and I are on the same page. When I wrote my poem, "Waking Up to War", this is what I was thinking of. You did an amazing job. Thank you.
As long as one part of humanity teaches their children to fear and hate another part of humanity there will be reasons for War. History teaches us that yet we no longer teach history in our schools which leads to ignorance another great ingredient of War.
As long as we tell ourselves we can have it all and ignore all around us who cannot we will breed jealousy of our self centred selfishness and greed and instil want and hatred from those whose noses we rub in the dirt by our life style.
For as long as man has walked upright he has defended what is his and is willing to take what the other will not freely give.... What we call civilization is a shallow veneer of mere tolerance, see how quickly an angry shout can incite Mob Rule and on to become a lynch mob... is War such a large step away ?
War is wrong, as individuals we all agree yet as a group we accept it, support it and when we participate in it, it returns us back into individuals who merely want to survive.
However as long as we breed and tolerate Ignorance, Selfishness and Greed and at the same time filling all others with Mistrust and Fear there will be War !
What we need is a common enemy, one that threatens all mankind one that might, just might, unite the World in a just cause. You could be forgiven for believing that Disease, Starvation and Poverty might be such causes but Alas !!!
Trouble is, the only threat to the world bigger than any of those is Man himself !! Sad isn’t it ?
Nellieanna,
History loses context but for personal connections. I loved reading this hub even though I believe humanity's greatest shame is it's inability to avoid conflict.
Happier thought, Dec 7th is my bithday!
Chris
Your memories reminded me of my grandmother's recollections of the war. One particularly interesting story my grandmother told me had to do with German U-Boats. Apparently before the US entered the war, German U-Boats patrolling the Caribbean would float just off the southern coast of Puerto Rico, near the city of Ponce and would play bavarian music and spout propaganda over loudspeakers which carried the sounds far beyond the shore. My grandmother actually saw their lights on a few occasions as she stood near the water on moonless nights with my grandfather. I was always entranced when she told that story. The image of a Nazi U-Boat so close to a coast I know so well, out in the dark ocean, like a stalking shark, always gave me chills. Thanks for the wonderful and interesting read...JR
This was a fitting piece to help us remember Pearl Harbor and I am glad to see someone willing to to do that even though it brings back memories of war. As a people, Americans do not seek war as a solution but we do often find ourselves in situations in which there is little effective alternative. Japan made a very foolish decision to attack the United States, even their supreme naval commander observed, "I fear we have but awakened a sleeping giant". Much like the 9/11 tragedies, by the time all the dead are counted and the destruction measured, the majority of the American public is calling for some measured action against the perpetrator. In the case of both Japan and Germany, I see there was little or no room for negogiations since both countries were in the hands of monsters. The shame of it all is that war too often comes down to a disagreement between two people and the rest are innocent victims in the power struggle. I think that shall always be the way it is for the world will never rid itself of the fanatics who seem to have a charmed way of gaining control (i.e. Hitler) and then bringing their tyranny down upon the world. In that light, one can say that the option to wage war is a gift of God for the alternative of living life under a typrant such as Hilter would be unthinkable. Thanks for a well-written and thought-provoking write, Nellieanna. WB
Thank you Nellieanna, for this remembrance. So much has changed since that Day of Infamy, and yet so much remains the same.
Here's something relevant for today's anniversary:
Great hub Nellieanna. Roosevelt and the higher ups "promoted" Pearl Harbor to be hit. Roosevelt and the round table knew about the attack hours before, days before, and weeks before. 911 is very unsettling to me. There are WAY too many questions and few answers from those in charge of our country. Thanks!
All I can add to your brilliant hub is that I wish I could sit these 'great' men which are still worshipped and celebrated in a cellar night after night. You could hear the aircrafts approaching and the dull thuds of the bombs coming closer and closer. My mother sat there with two little children. I don't know how she could take it every night till the dawn came. We used get dressed when we went to bed because when it went dark the bombers came. I still can't bear the sirens or hear bombs falling. I was too young to realize the danger and took everything in my stride but my brother understood but was too young to cope with it. He was begging and pleading all the time.
The top would never declare war again.
I am sure everybody of those top lot knew what Hitler was up to from a start. Why couldn't they have taken him out, straight away? Not when he and his mob was in full power. Our officers who were from the Kaiser and Bismark tried.
Unfortunately, the devil had to have its way. The Prime Minister at that time in England called him 'the coming man of Europe'. What did really go on?
I still resent Bush started a war again and robed Blair in. What if the Arab world would have stood by Iraq? The world would have gone up in flame again. They had more luck than brain.
This is a beautifully researched and admiral hub my friend. You made me feel a part of the action, so many times I've seen this played over and over on t.v. in various forms.
It most definitely was a day of Infamy. I had the sickening feeling when I took a boat tour of the wrecks that lay beneath the waters in Oahu. I was on my first honeymoon and being newlyweds we took in all the touristy things.
I will never forget that awful feeling in my gut seeing those sunken ships and the terrible loss of life. Your poetry compliments this never to be forgotten assault on Pearl Harbor. However like you say we are the only species on earth who destroy each other on such a grand scale.
When will we ever learn? Never is the answer, we are bent on destruction, pillage, rape and murdering one another over STUFF...and this has gone on since the beginning of time. We just are now capable of killing millions of humans in one go,our weapons allow for total destruction of our earth.
Thank you for this share it is etched forever in our minds as is 911. Peace and hugs from me to you.
This is a really touching and poignant hub. I sometimes wonder WTF is wrong with us as a species. We just keep doing it. I think the war urge is an evolutionary trait that worked fine for monkey-people competing pre-agriculture, but after farming came about, it didn't turn off. So now we fight over shiny coins and black goo in the ground. (sigh).
Oh, and your animals don't fight thing got me thinking, and there is something I saw on National Geographic the other day that is the first animal since army ants that I reminds me of humans. (So, basically, there's army ants, Asian Gaint hornets, and humans - so we're no better than bugs as a species; how nice.)
Here's a link. It's pretty hardcore, but very interesting: http://www.metacafe.com/watch/206326/asian_giant_h
Well, I think it's just a game that appeals to the same thing that appeals to grown ups but is within reach. I played with plastic guns and army men growing up, and when the first primitive tank and airplane video games came out I was all over them. Think how popular the board game Risk was, and Stratego, and the good old fashioned "cops and robbers" ... it is what it is. I doubt its propaganda, it's more like smart marketing. You go where the desire/need is and sell to it.
I did just hear a report on all the benefits of those wargames on NPR though. For all the violence,turns out there's some significant cognitive upsides to the games. Not minor ones, either. So, who knows, maybe the games are part of the evolutionary process. If we get lucky, maybe war, if it must go on, can be come more and more robotized and we kill each others robot armies. There's a win/win scenario. Males get to keep fighting, the military industrial complex gets to keep making stuff, the defense contractors get to keep selling stuff, which employs lots of people who get to have jobs, and all the while people get to live too.
Maybe? lol (Science fiction has been at that idea for decades.)
I think you are right about too much development on the war side. But how do we get development on the good side, the moral side? Religion has been decimated by the communication age. Too many people talking for the modern iterations to stick. But just "doing the right thing" is not enough to MOTIVATE people. "Doing the right thing" is the baseline, and there is only falling short that has any "rewards." The loss of a good, binding religion I think is problematic.
I have to say, I believe moral writing will come back. The reductive and pessimistic literary trends have to get tired soon. People need and want hope. Once everyone has seen every possible iteration of fart jokes and skateboard accidents and other mindless funny events over and over, at some point their souls will hunger for substance. Then fiction will rise and find its place in the Kindles and iPads. Least that's my hope.
Have you ever read John Gardner's book _On Moral Fiction_? I'm a believer in that. In fact, I have a novella I'm thinking about self-publishing (because it's a novella and if I don't self publish it, it will just die unread) that is an example of what I call moral fiction. I should have you read it, and see what you think.
I think the money and more toys thing is a symptom of the larger problem, which is that it is difficult to be motivated to do good for "merely" the sake of it. Humans are a rewards/gratification creature. Path of least resistance, maximum benefit, etc. The biology that evolved for the purpose of survival has lots of endocrine based reward systems that make for more immediate satisfaction. Sex and food are at the heart of our culture because they 'feel' good, and satisfy primal drives with little or no effort on our part. Buying toys is another example, albeit more difficult one. If you can buy your kid lots of toys, then you are a good provider. You get to enjoy endorphins of Alfa-status sensation. Again, immediate gratification, albeit requiring a quick trip to the mall (which requires a good job, which does, technically, indicate some level of provider competence etc.).
The moral behaviors I think you and I are talking about (and agree are essential and in need of revival ... interesting how that word has such a strong religious connection, eh?) require more effort. Yes, we can be motivated to good for the sake of it, but given how comparatively small the reward is (I feel good inside knowing that I have done the right thing) compared to how I feel with an easier move (I buy tons of presents, my kids are happy, my wife is happy that I have provided for her children - there's a primal system at play there - I am happy that they are all happy, my neighbors and everyone else knows I am alpha provider, etc.) The second list is much longer and more filled with rewards/chemical stimuli etc.
I think that's the problem. The drive to do good has to be supported by social pressures for it too. We are social creatures; we don't live in the isolation of our own consciences. Without the community of a religion that brings divine rewards along with shared experience, there are subtle, perhaps, but important reinforcements for social behavior (which is what "good" really means) that are lost. At least I think this is some of it.
As for the novella, I think it's an example of what I mean, and what I believe John Gardner meant. If you're up for it, I'll send it to you, so long as you promise not to share with anyone else. :)
I think that awareness of others sharing the globe is becoming more possible. I am really hoping that the whole thing doesn't have to fall into a heap around our heads for us to wake up. I think maybe the very thing that is fueling the selfishness and narcissism in society may save it too. The iphone camera and blogging have put the press back in the hands of the people, so maybe the world will wise up and then we can start working on finding the right balance ... which means being able to spot power gone bad and take it down quickly, etc. But, that begins to sound Utopian, so I'll stop. lol.
You know (and yes, I'm all over the place at this point) you made a comment about people finding little used talents and learning to enjoy them... I think of music when you say that, as a sub-section of this other conversation. Nobody learns to play instruments anymore. The ease of stealing someone else's music and scratching it up to a synthetic beat (for which you aren't evne playing your own drums) has replaced learning to make music. WTF happened to a culture that would rather scramble up old music over and over than actually experience the joy of making music raw, from scratch, with an instrument? That's an example of what is missing. Discipline and the joy it brings. Immediate gratification bringing about the most mundane and unsatisfying music. And it's not just "kids these days" either. This has been going on for thirty years and is only getting worse. (sigh).
Ok, rant over. LOL. I know you and I both know people, lots of them, who are "normal" and principled, so, it's just a matter, hopefully, of people getting tired of the emptiness and seeking something greater than just the next electronic fix or whatever. I sure hope so. I like to believe as a species we are drawn to better things in the end, but we are kind of like brain-damaged moths, so we don't hone in on the candle very quickly or in a straight line.
As for the novella, I shall send it straight away. (And I too have enjoyed this conversation. You are a blast. I have the luxury of being between semesters so I can bother you more often, and I have time to read hubs again. Summer and winter break are my free time, so it's nice to get to reacquaint myself with my favorites during these islands of "me-time" :)
Well, I suppose it may be anecdotal,but it just doesn't seem like anywhere near the same percentages of kids are learning instruments anymore. Everyone I knew growing up practically had to learn some sort of instrument. Our parents all made us. I don't know anyone that makes their kids learn instruments anymore. We did, obviously, because we're old-school, but none of their friends have. Maybe just my sphere of friends. But I've read smatterings of conversations on Hip Hop and Rap in critical theory essays that seem to suggest I'm not completely all wet. But, well, if I am, it will hardly be the first time.
You're right about art in general though, there has to be a big heap of whatever and it will be up to the ages to pick through it and figure out what was amazing and what was just crap that made people feel good for a while. I suppose I may just be suffering with on-set curmudgeonality or something. lol.
...And of course I would spend time here chatting with you given time. You are one of the deepest, most thoughtful, clever, bright, wise, funny, warm and entertaining writers on H.P. Plus we share a penchant for long-windedness which binds us :) I like to think of it more as patience and genius, but I can't find anyone else to confirm that: my kids roll their eyes when I inform them of my Einstein like brilliance and my wife doesn't buy my comparisons of myself to Shakespeare or Voltaire either. Three hundred years from now, when literary historians are speaking the name of Shadesbreath alongside those other greats, then they will see. :)
You know, on the long hubs thing, we both suffer from it. I just don't think that HP is a place that much density per capita of readers. I think a blog type thing would probably do better. I started a "discussion" tab on that on my FB page, and may do the same in the forums here (since I only barely started that page). But there seems to be a general consensus that readers follow bloggers, so by writing on HP, we are not really in a place that makes it easy for readers to find stuff to read. Frankly, I've read more than one hub or comment on a hub about how "the point is to get readers to click OFF your hub as soon as possible" and that sort of thing. IT's like anti-reading. Drive them to buy, buy, buy etc. Which is fine if that's what you and I are trying to do, but we write for the purpose of trying to say something, to make something that binds people through shared humanity. I'm tempted to try a blog, but not till I'm finished with this interminable MA quest.





























ralwus 17 months ago
A wonderful reflection of WWII's influence on you Nellie. Loved the poem too. There really is no victor in war but so many victims. Bless you and thanks for sahring these memories.